What are the side effects of braces?

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Side Effects of Braces – What to Know Before Starting Treatment

Orthodontic braces treatment in London has come a long way — delivering some truly remarkable smile transformations. However, like any medical treatment, orthodontics comes with some side effects you should be aware of before starting.

At Whites Dental, our experienced orthodontists provide a wide range of braces treatments including Ceramic Braces, Invisalign, Damon Fastbraces, Clear Braces, and Lingual Braces. We are conveniently located in London Waterloo, adjacent to Southwark Tube and just a short walk from London Bridge.

1. Damaged Tooth Roots

Teeth are anchored in place by roots embedded in the jawbone. When braces are tightened, pressure is applied to move teeth gradually — which also moves the roots. Some minor root resorption is normal. However, excessive force or poor technique can cause damage, eroding the roots or, in severe cases, leading to the death of the tooth.

2. Pain and Discomfort

It’s very common to experience some level of pain during orthodontic treatment — especially after adjustments. Around 70–95% of patients will feel discomfort or pressure at some point. In rare cases, severe pain may prompt some to discontinue treatment. Over-the-counter painkillers are often recommended to manage symptoms in the first few days after tightening.

3. Tooth Pulp Damage or “Tooth Death”

Inside every tooth is a soft tissue layer called the pulp, which contains nerves and blood vessels. Tightening braces causes inflammation in the pulp. If excessive force is used or inflammation becomes chronic, the pulp can become damaged — leading to a dead tooth that may eventually require a root canal.

4. Gum and Bone Damage

Gums and bone tissue support your teeth, and both can be affected during treatment. Braces make it easier for plaque and food debris to accumulate — especially around brackets and wires. Without proper oral hygiene, this can cause gingivitis, which may progress to periodontal disease, affecting the bone and leading to loosening of the teeth.

Top Contributing Factors to Gum and Bone Damage:

5. Increased Risk of Cavities

Braces can make it harder to clean your teeth effectively. Plaque and food debris tend to build up around brackets and wires, increasing the risk of tooth decay. You may also notice white “decalcification spots” — early warning signs of cavities caused by enamel breakdown.

6. TMJ (Jaw Joint) Issues

TMJ stands for temporomandibular joint — the hinge joint that connects your jaw to your skull. If braces change your bite incorrectly or create uneven pressure, they can cause or worsen TMJ problems. Symptoms may include jaw pain, difficulty chewing, clicking sounds, and headaches.

What Should You Do?

If you’re considering orthodontic treatment and want to minimise these risks, it’s crucial to work with an experienced team. At Whites Dental, our orthodontists will evaluate your case in detail and recommend a treatment plan that prioritises both results and long-term health.

Book your free consultation to discuss your goals and get expert guidance on the most suitable braces option for you. We offer:

Visit Our London Clinic

Our private London dentists are based in London Waterloo, adjacent to Southwark Tube Station and within walking distance of London Bridge, Blackfriars, Borough, Southbank, and Elephant and Castle.

For more information, visit our Orthodontics homepage to learn about treatment options and side effects of braces in more detail.